diff --git a/.circleci/config.yml b/.circleci/config.yml
index 5d162e9..662eed3 100644
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ jobs:
   kms:
     docker:
       - image: circleci/golang:1.12
+        environment:
+          - PORT=8081
     working_directory: ~/offen/kms
     steps:
       - checkout:
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ jobs:
       - image: circleci/golang:1.12
         environment:
           - POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING=postgres://circle:test@localhost:5432/circle_test?sslmode=disable
+          - PORT=8080
       - image: circleci/postgres:11.2-alpine
         environment:
           - POSTGRES_USER=circle
diff --git a/.npmrc b/.npmrc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43c97e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.npmrc
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+package-lock=false
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d92848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+help:
+	@echo "    setup"
+	@echo "        Build the containers and install dependencies."
+	@echo "    bootstrap"
+	@echo "        Create a KMS key and initialize the database."
+	@echo "        IMPORTANT: this wipes any existing data in your local database."
+	@echo "    build"
+	@echo "        Build all applications."
+
+setup:
+	@docker-compose build
+	@docker-compose run script npm install
+	@docker-compose run vault npm install
+	@docker-compose run auditorium npm install
+	@docker-compose run server go mod download
+	@docker-compose run kms go mod download
+	@echo "Successfully built containers and installed dependencies."
+	@echo "If this is your initial setup, you can run 'make bootstrap' next"
+	@echo "to create the needed local keys and seed the database."
+
+bootstrap:
+	@docker-compose run kms make bootstrap
+	@docker-compose run server make bootstrap
+
+.PHONY: setup bootstrap
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2683180..6f6928f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -16,13 +16,27 @@ Project planning and issue tracking is done using [Pivotal Tracker](https://www.
 
 ### Developing the application
 
-You can test setup by starting the application:
+The development setup requires `docker` and `docker-compose` to be installed.
 
+After cloning the repository, you can build the containers and install dependencies using:
+
+```sh
+$ make setup
 ```
+
+Next, create a local encryption key for the `kms` service and seed the database for the `server` application:
+
+```sh
+$ make bootstrap
+```
+
+You can test your setup by starting the application:
+
+```sh
 $ docker-compose up
 ```
 
-Now you should be able to access <http://localhost:8080/status> seeing a successful response.
+which should enable you to access <http://localhost:8080/status> seeing a successful response.
 
 ### License
 
diff --git a/docker-compose.yml b/docker-compose.yml
index e5df372..0ffdd3e 100644
--- a/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.yml
@@ -1,47 +1,54 @@
 version: '3'
 
 services:
-  kms:
-    image: golang:1.12
-    working_dir: /code/kms
-    volumes:
-      - .:/code
-      - $GOPATH/pkg/mod:/go/pkg/mod
-    environment:
-      - GOPATH=/go
-      - KEY_FILE=key.txt
-    ports:
-      - 8081:8081
-    command: go run cmd/kms/main.go -port 8081 -origin http://localhost:9977
-
-  server:
-    image: golang:1.12
-    working_dir: /code/server
-    volumes:
-      - .:/code
-      - $GOPATH/pkg/mod:/go/pkg/mod
-    environment:
-      - GOPATH=/go
-      - POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING=postgres://postgres:develop@database:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable
-      - KMS_ENCRYPTION_ENDPOINT=http://kms:8081/encrypt
-    ports:
-      - 8080:8080
-    command: go run cmd/server/main.go -origin http://localhost:9977 -conn postgres://postgres:develop@database:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable -level debug
-    links:
-      - database
-    depends_on:
-      - kms
-
   database:
     image: postgres:11.2
     environment:
       - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=develop
 
+  kms:
+    build:
+      context: '.'
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.golang
+    working_dir: /offen/kms
+    volumes:
+      - .:/offen
+      - kmsdeps:/go/pkg/mod
+    environment:
+      - KEY_FILE=key.txt
+      - PORT=8081
+    ports:
+      - 8081:8081
+    command: refresh run
+
+  server:
+    build:
+      context: '.'
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.golang
+    working_dir: /offen/server
+    volumes:
+      - .:/offen
+      - serverdeps:/go/pkg/mod
+    environment:
+      - POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING=postgres://postgres:develop@database:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable
+      - KMS_ENCRYPTION_ENDPOINT=http://kms:8081/encrypt
+      - PORT=8080
+    ports:
+      - 8080:8080
+    command: refresh run
+    links:
+      - database
+    depends_on:
+      - kms
+
   vault:
-    image: timbru31/node-chrome:slim
+    build:
+      context: '.'
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.node
     working_dir: /offen/vault
     volumes:
       - .:/offen
+      - vaultdeps:/offen/vault/node_modules
     command: npm start -- --port 9977
     ports:
       - 9977:9977
@@ -51,10 +58,13 @@ services:
       - AUDITORIUM_HOST=http://localhost:9955
 
   script:
-    image: timbru31/node-chrome:slim
+    build:
+      context: '.'
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.node
     working_dir: /offen/script
     volumes:
       - .:/offen
+      - scriptdeps:/offen/script/node_modules
     command: npm start -- --port 9966
     ports:
       - 9966:9966
@@ -62,12 +72,22 @@ services:
       - VAULT_HOST=http://localhost:9977
 
   auditorium:
-    image: timbru31/node-chrome:slim
+    build:
+      context: '.'
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile.node
     working_dir: /offen/auditorium
     volumes:
       - .:/offen
+      - auditoriumdeps_2:/offen/auditorium/node_modules
     command: npm start -- --port 9955
     ports:
       - 9955:9955
     environment:
       - VAULT_HOST=http://localhost:9977
+
+volumes:
+  kmsdeps:
+  serverdeps:
+  scriptdeps:
+  auditoriumdeps_2:
+  vaultdeps: